PENGARUH FERMENTASI TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN KUALITAS MINYAK ATSIRI DARI DAUN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)

PENGARUH FERMENTASI TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN KUALITAS MINYAK ATSIRI DARI DAUN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)

Oleh : Erik Setiawan (NIM 107 03 091), S1 - Department of Pharmacy


Abstrak :

Kajian tentang pengaruh fermentasi terhadap rendemen dan kualitas minyak nilam telah dilakukan. Serbuk daun nilam kering difermentasi selama 6, 12 dan 24 jam kemudian minyak atsirinya diisolasi dengan destilasi air. Minyak nilam yang dihasilkan ditentukan rendemen dan kualitasnya kemudian dibandingkan dengan syarat mutu Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI).

Pemerikasaan kualitas meliputi bobot jenis, indeks bias, kelarutan dalam etanol 90 %, bilangan asam, dan kadar patchouli alkohol. Rendemen minyak nilam yang difermentasi berada pada rentang 1,50 - 2,00 %, sedangkan yang tidak difermentasi berada pada rentang 1,88 - 2,00 %. Bobot jenis minyak nilam yang tidak difermentasi adalah 0,942 g/mL, sedangkan hasil fermentasi berada pada rentang 0,944-0,976 g/mL.

Indeks bias minyak nilam yang difermentasi maupun yang tidak difermentasi berada di bawah nilai indeks bias minyak nilam berdasarkan SNI. Bilangan asam minyak nilam hasil fermentasi berada pada rentang 3,84-5,52 sedangkan yang tidak difermentasi adalah 2,20. Kadar patchouli alkohol dari minyak nilam hasil fermentasi maupun yang tidak difermentasi memenuhi syarat mutu SNI.

EFFECT OF FERMENTATION ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF VOLATILE OIL FROM PATCHOULI LEAVES (Pogostemon cablin Benth.)

Abstract :

The effect of fermentation on the yield and quality of patchouli oil has been studied. The dried powder of patchouli leaf was fermented during 6, 12, and 24 hours, and then the oil distillated. Subsequently, the yield and the characteristic of the oil were determined, and compared with requirement of the Indonesian National Standard.

The quality parameters determined were density, refractive index, solubility in ethanol 90 %, acid number, and concentration of patchouli alcohol. The oil yields obtained from the fermented leaves were in the range of 1.50 - 2.00 % while from none fermented leaves were 1.98 - 2.00 %. The density of oil from non fermented leaves was 0.942 g/mL, while from fermented leaves was 0.944 - 0.976 g/mL.

Refractive indexes of oil obtained did not mat the requirement of Indonesian National Standard. Acid numbers of oil from fermented leaves were 3.84 - 5.52, and non fermented leaves were 2.20. Concentrations of patchouli alcohol from fermented and non fermented leaves were in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard.

Copyrights : Copyright (c) 2007 School of Pharmacy ITB.

Information Dissemination Right @ 2007 ITB Central Library Jl. Ganesha 10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia.

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